When was mt tambora formed

Along with the continuation of the tremor after 29 August, CVGHM reported an increase in other types of seismic activity from 30 August to 7 September. On 5 September an earthquake was felt by residents exact location undisclosed. Instruments recorded 40 volcanic earthquakes on 7 September table 1 ; 32 of those were recorded within 6 hours. The Disaster Prone Areas were largely based on the devastating eruption of Tambora.

As of 21 September, the Alert Level remained at 3. Table 2. Summary of Disaster Prone Areas at Tambora defined on the basis of radial distance from the peak of Tambora. Wilford, J. CVGHM reported that during January-8 April plumes did not rise from Tambora, no changes were observed around the caldera, and seismicity decreased. On 9 April the Alert Level was lowered to 1 on a scale of Based on visual observations, deformation data, and seismicity, the Alert Level was lowered to 2 on a scale of on 9 October.

Therefore, on 30 August, the Alert Level was raised to 2 on a scale of During 30 August-8 September seismicity continued to increase. Diffuse white plumes were observed on 5 September and rose 10 m above the crater rim.

On 8 September the Alert Level was raised to 3 on a scale of Based on visual observation and seismic data, CVGHM reported an increase in activity at Tambora during the previous five months.

Ground-based observers at an observation post in Tambora village noted dense white plumes rising m above the caldera rim during April and June, but no plumes during May or July. In August dense white plumes rose 20 m above the caldera rim. Seismicity started to increase in April and continued to increase through August.

On 30 August the Alert Level was raised to 2 on a scale of Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports. This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name.

In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided. The massive Tambora stratovolcano forms the entire km-wide Sanggar Peninsula on northern Sumbawa Island. The largely trachybasaltic-to-trachyandesitic volcano grew to about 4, m elevation before forming a caldera more than 43, years ago. Late-Pleistocene lava flows largely filled the early caldera, after which activity changed to dominantly explosive eruptions during the early Holocene.

Tambora was the source of history's largest explosive eruption, in April Pyroclastic flows reached the sea on all sides of the peninsula, and heavy tephra fall devastated croplands, causing an estimated 60, fatalities.

The eruption of an estimated more than km 3 of tephra formed a 6-km-wide, m-deep caldera and produced global climatic effects.

Minor lava domes and flows have been extruded on the caldera floor at Tambora during the 19th and 20th centuries. The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. In the north-eastern United States in the spring and summer of the sunlight was dimmed and reddened by periods of fog, which wind and rain did not disperse.

It was described as a kind of aerosol veil. London experienced spectacular sunsets at the turn of June and July, which are thought to have influenced paintings by Turner. The following year brought far more damaging effects, with serious consequences for climate and the fertility of the land over much of the world, as global temperatures dropped.

In mid-June Mary and Percy Shelley, Lord Byron and two other friends were staying at the Villa Diodati in Switzerland when the weather was so repellently rainy and foggy that they were trapped indoors. Byron suggested that they pass the time by each writing a horror story and that was when Mary Shelley began to create Frankenstein.

In Canada the Quebec area had deep snow. Cold persisted through the summer months in North America and elsewhere and quantities of crops failed.

The monsoon seasons in India and China were disrupted, with damaging agricultural effects, famine and cholera, and was called the year without a summer. Such conditions persisted until and are believed to have helped create severe epidemics of typhus in south-eastern Europe and the eastern Mediterranean.

Latest satellite images. Show more. First visit to our site? Try our free app! Android iOS version. Photos from Germany Germany has a large number of volcanoes - most of them extinct, but the Eifel volcanic field is still potentially active.

Vulkane Italiens. Today the crater floor is occupied by an ephemeral freshwater lake, recent sedimentary deposits, and minor lava flows and domes from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Layered tephra deposits are visible along the northwestern crater rim. Active fumaroles, or steam vents, still exist in the caldera. The image was taken by the Expedition 20 crew. The image in this article has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast.

Lens artifacts have been removed.